Popular Photography
Popular Photography
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What do filters in photography do?
I was recently reading Popular Photography and there was this ad for filters. They were all different colors and go on the end of your lens. What do they do?
***im all digital. i have a nikon d50
There are MANY different kinds of filters, and they all have a different purpose. Some filters have a light tint to them, like orange or blue. If you're taking color photographs, colored filters are used to adjust the "color balance" of your picture. For example, an orange filter is sometimes called a "warming filter" and you would use that to give a warmer look to your pictures. A blue filter would be used to give a cooler tone (slightly more blue).
If you're using film, some kinds of film are made to be used specifically for indoors, or outdoors. Sunlight and indoor light are not the same and have a different color temperature. For example, some kinds of film are "tungsten balanced" which means they are meant to be used indoors with incandescent lighting. If you want to use it to take pictures outdoors, you have to put an orange filter on the lens to correct the color balance, otherwise the pictures will have a really weird bluish tint.
Sometimes, it can actually look pretty cool. One of my contacts on Flickr likes to shoot tungsten-balanced slide film outdoors. To give you an idea of what it looks like, here's a couple of her pictures:
Those pictures were NOT "Photoshopped." They were taken with FILM, not digital. It's just a natural effect from using tungsten balanced film outdoors.
Other filters can be used to adjust the exposure, like a "neutral density" filter. That's used to reduce the amount of light coming into the camera. You would use that in situations where you would otherwise overexpose the picture. (Like if you want to do a long exposure outside during the day.)
Some kinds of filters are useful for both film and digital cameras. A poarlizing filter can help to reduce glare and give better colors. And neutral density filters are useful for either film or digital.
Colored filters are also used for black and white photography, espcially for B&W film. Even though you don't see colors in a B&W photo, the camera does pick up different tones. You can use filters to selectively darken or lighten certain colors in the picture. A colored filter will block light that is opposite to its color, and pass light that is the same color as the filter. For example, a red filter will darken blue subjects, and lighten red subjects. So you can use a red filter to get really dark, dramatic sky in your picture. (An orange filter will also darken blue subjects, but not as dramatic).
